Ma graphite apamwamba kwambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zamakina, kukhazikika kwamafuta, kusinthasintha kwapamwamba komanso kutsika kwambiri mu ndege komanso kuwongolera magetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito zambiri monga ma conductor opangira ma photothermal omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mabatire pama foni. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wapadera wa graphite, wolamulidwa kwambiri wa pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), ndi imodzi mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma laboratories. Zakuthupi. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri izi ndi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe wosanjikiza wa graphite, kumene amphamvu covalent zomangira pakati pa maatomu mpweya mu zigawo graphene amathandiza kwambiri mawotchi katundu, matenthedwe ndi magetsi madutsidwe, pamene kugwirizana pang'ono pakati pa zigawo graphene. Chochitacho chimabweretsa kusinthasintha kwakukulu. graphite. Ngakhale kuti graphite yapezedwa m’chilengedwe kwa zaka zoposa 1000 ndipo kaphatikizidwe kake kopanga kakhala kaphunziridwa kwa zaka zoposa 100, ubwino wa zitsanzo za graphite, zonse zachilengedwe ndi zopangidwa, sizili bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kukula kwa madera akuluakulu a crystal graphite mu zipangizo za graphite nthawi zambiri ndi zosakwana 1 mm, zomwe zimasiyana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa makristasi ambiri monga quartz single crystals ndi silicon single crystals. Kukula kumatha kufika sikelo ya mita. Kukula kochepa kwambiri kwa graphite imodzi ya kristalo ndi chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kofooka pakati pa zigawo za graphite, ndipo flatness ya graphene wosanjikiza n'zovuta kusunga pa kukula, kotero graphite mosavuta anathyoledwa m'malire angapo single-crystal tirigu mu chisokonezo. . Kuti athetse vuto lalikululi, Pulofesa Emeritus wa Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) ndi othandizana nawo Prof. Liu Kaihui, Prof. Wang Enge wa ku yunivesite ya Peking, ndi ena apereka njira yopangira njira yochepetsera kukula kwake. graphite makhiristo amodzi. filimu, mpaka inchi sikelo. Njira yawo imagwiritsa ntchito zojambulazo za nickel imodzi monga gawo lapansi, ndipo maatomu a carbon amadyetsedwa kuchokera kumbuyo kwa chithunzithunzi cha nickel kupyolera mu "isothermal dissolution-diffusion-deposition process". M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa makatoni, iwo anasankha zinthu zolimba za carbon kuti zithandize kukula kwa graphite. Njira yatsopanoyi imapangitsa kuti pakhale mafilimu amtundu umodzi wa crystal graphite ndi makulidwe pafupifupi 1 inchi ndi 35 microns, kapena oposa 100,000 graphene zigawo masiku angapo. Poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zonse za graphite zomwe zilipo, graphite imodzi ya crystal imakhala ndi kutentha kwa ~ 2880 W m-1K-1, zosafunika zosafunika, komanso mtunda wochepa pakati pa zigawo. (1) Kuphatikizika bwino kwa mafilimu a faifi tambala amodzi a kukula kwakukulu monga magawo otsetsereka kwambiri amapewa kusokonezeka kwa graphite yopangidwa; (2) 100,000 zigawo za graphene mwakula isothermally pafupifupi 100 maola, kuti aliyense wosanjikiza wa graphene ndi apanga chimodzimodzi mankhwala chilengedwe ndi kutentha, amene amaonetsetsa yunifolomu khalidwe la graphite; (3) Kupereka mosalekeza kwa kaboni kudzera m'mbali yakumbuyo ya chojambula cha faifi tambala kumalola zigawo za graphene kuti zizikula mosalekeza pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, pafupifupi wosanjikiza umodzi masekondi asanu aliwonse,"
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-09-2022