Flake graphite ndi mchere wosasinthika wosasinthika, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani amakono ndipo ndiwofunikira kwambiri. European Union inandandalika graphene, chinthu chotsirizidwa chopangidwa ndi graphite, ngati projekiti yatsopano yaukadaulo mtsogolomo, ndipo idalemba graphite ngati imodzi mwamitundu 14 ya "moyo-ndi-imfa" zosowa mchere. United States imatchula zinthu za flake graphite ngati zofunikira kwambiri zama mineral zopangira mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri. Malo osungiramo ma graphite ku China ndi 70% yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ndiye malo osungira ma graphite akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, pali mavuto ambiri pakupanga zinthu, monga zinyalala za migodi, kuchepa kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe. Kuperewera kwa zinthu ndi mtengo wakunja wa chilengedwe siziwonetsa mtengo weniweni. Mavuto otsatirawa ogawana a olemba ma graphite a Furuite amawonekera makamaka m'mbali izi:
Choyamba, msonkho wazinthu uyenera kusinthidwa mwachangu. Misonkho yotsika: Misonkho yaku China ya graphite yomwe ilipo tsopano ndi yuan 3 pa toni, yomwe ndi yopepuka kwambiri ndipo sikuwonetsa kuchepa kwa zinthu komanso mtengo wakunja wa chilengedwe. Poyerekeza ndi maiko osowa omwe ali ndi kusowa kwa mchere wofanana ndi kufunikira, pambuyo pa kukonzanso kwa msonkho wosowa padziko lapansi, osati zinthu zamisonkho zokha zomwe zimalembedwa mosiyana, komanso msonkho wa msonkho umakwezedwa nthawi zoposa 10. Poyerekeza, mtengo wamisonkho wa flake graphite ndiwotsika. Msonkho umodzi wa msonkho: malamulo omwe alipo panopa pa msonkho wazinthu ali ndi msonkho umodzi wa graphite ore, womwe sunagawidwe molingana ndi kalasi yamtundu ndi mtundu wa graphite, ndipo sungathe kusonyeza ntchito ya msonkho wazinthu pakuwongolera ndalama zosiyana. Ndizosagwirizana ndi sayansi kuwerengera ndi kuchuluka kwa malonda: imawerengedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa malonda, osati ndi kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa mchere wokumbidwa, popanda kuganizira za malipiro a kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, chitukuko chanzeru cha chuma, ndalama zachitukuko ndi kutha kwa zinthu.
Chachiwiri, kutumiza kunja ndikothamanga kwambiri. Dziko la China ndilomwe limapanga zinthu zambiri padziko lonse lapansi za ma flake flake graphite ndipo nthawi zonse lakhala likutumiza kunja kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe za graphite. Mosiyana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa China kwa chuma cha flake graphite, mayiko otukuka, omwe akutsogolera mu teknoloji ya graphite deep processing products, amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya "kugula m'malo mwa migodi" ya graphite yachilengedwe ndikuletsa luso. Monga msika waukulu kwambiri wa graphite ku China, katundu wa ku Japan amatenga 32.6% ya zinthu zonse za China zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, ndipo gawo lina la miyala yamtengo wapatali ya graphite imamira pansi pa nyanja; Koma dziko la South Korea, linatseka migodi yakeyake ya graphite ndi kuitanitsa zinthu zambiri kuchokera kunja pamtengo wotsika; Kuchuluka kwapachaka kochokera ku United States kumakhala pafupifupi 10.5% ya kuchuluka kwazinthu zonse zaku China zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, ndipo zida zake za graphite zimatetezedwa ndi malamulo.
Chachitatu, kukonza ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Zinthu za graphite zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa mamba ake. Makulidwe osiyanasiyana a flake graphite ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, njira zopangira komanso magawo ogwiritsira ntchito. Pakalipano, palibe kafukufuku wokhudza luso la graphite ore lomwe lili ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana ku China, ndipo kugawidwa kwa zinthu za graphite ndi masikelo osiyanasiyana sikunadziwike, ndipo palibe njira yofananira yogwiritsira ntchito. Kubwezeretsa kwa graphite beneficiation ndi kochepa, ndipo zokolola za flake graphite ndizochepa. Makhalidwe azinthu sizikudziwika, ndipo njira yopangira ndi imodzi. Chifukwa, lalikulu flake graphite sangathe mogwira kutetezedwa ndi ang'onoang'ono flake graphite sangathe mogwira ntchito pa processing, chifukwa mu chiwonongeko chachikulu cha zinthu zofunika njira.
Chachinayi, kusiyana kwa mtengo pakati pa kuitanitsa ndi kutumiza kunja ndi kodabwitsa. Zambiri mwazinthu zachilengedwe za flake graphite zomwe zimapangidwa ku China ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo kafukufuku ndi chitukuko ndi kupanga zinthu zomwe zimawonjezedwanso mwachiwonekere zikusowa. Tengani chitsanzo cha chiyero chapamwamba cha graphite, maiko akunja amatsogola ku chiyero chapamwamba cha graphite ndi zabwino zake zaukadaulo, ndikutchinga dziko lathu pazinthu zapamwamba za graphite. Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wapamwamba wa graphite waku China sungathe kufikira chiyero cha 99.95%, ndipo chiyero cha 99.99% kapena kupitilira apo chimangodalira kutulutsa kunja. Mu 2011, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa graphite wachilengedwe ku China unali pafupifupi 4,000 yuan/tani, pamene mtengo woposa 99.99% wotumizidwa kuchokera ku graphite yoyera kwambiri unadutsa 200,000 yuan / tani, ndipo kusiyana kwa mtengo kunali kodabwitsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-27-2023